Bio 4Q Guide Questions

Skeletal System

1. What is the difference between a hydrostatic, exo-, and endoskeleton?
2. What is the difference between the axial and appendicular skeleton? Give examples of bones that belong to each.
3. What are joints? Give examples of each kind.
4. What are the three types of bone cells and what are the functions of each?
5. Contrast compact and spongy bone.

Nervous System

1. What are the main functions of the nervous system?
2. Describe the roles of the two types of cells that make up the nervous system.
3. Name the parts and describe the functions of a neuron.
4. Trace the pathway of a simple reflex action such as the knee-jerk reflex.
5. Describe the events that occur during nerve impulse transmission.
6. What is saltatory conduction and why is it important?
7. How do nerve cells communicate with each other?
8. Describe the nervous system plans and features across taxa and relate this to the animal’s symmetry and lifestyle.
9. Describe the trends in the development of the vertebrate brain.
10. List the components of the central nervous system and describe their functions.
11. List the components of the peripheral nervous system and describe their functions.
12. Compare the parasympathetic and sympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system in terms of function.
13. Enumerate the parts of the vertebrate brain and describe their functions.

Sensory Mechanisms

1. Differentiate between sensation and perception.
2. Describe the five kinds of sensory receptors and give examples of each.
3. Differentiate interoreceptors from exteroreceptors and give examples of each.

Plant Hormones

1. What are tropisms? Give examples of these.
2. Describe the roles of abscisic acid, auxin, cytokinin, ethylene, and gibberellin in regulating plant growth.
3. Describe how the Darwin and Went experiments led to the discovery of auxin as the major factor behind phototropism.

Endocrine and Reproductive System guide questions are in the Group HW given.